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Joint Initiative to Enhance Cardiovascular Nursing in Ireland.

Joint Initiative to Enhance Cardiovascular Nursing in Ireland.

Nov 28, 2022 | 5 comments

The National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health (NIPC) and the Irish Nurses Cardiovascular Association (INCA) have come together in a joint initiative to help promote best practice guidelines in cardiovascular nursing. A new European Society of...

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Prof. J. William McEvoy – US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health

NT-proBNP Reference Intervals in Healthy U.S. Children, Adolescents, and Adults
CONCLUSIONS: Among healthy individuals, NT-proBNP concentrations varied greatly according age and sex. The reference intervals presented here should inform future clinical decision limits and suggest that age- and sex-specific intervals may be necessary to more precisely characterize risk.
High-sensitivity troponins and mortality in the general population
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates only modest correlations between hs-troponin T and three hs-troponin I assays and that hs-troponin I assays can provide distinct risk information for mortality in the general population.
Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in US Adults With and Without Diabetes
Background We characterized the burden and prognostic value of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) assessed by cardiac biomarkers among adults with and without diabetes in the general US population. Methods and Results We measured hs-cTnT (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T) and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) in stored serum samples from the 1999 to 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Among US adults without a history of CVD (n=10 304), we...
SCORE2-Diabetes: 10-year cardiovascular risk estimation in type 2 diabetes in Europe
CONCLUSION: SCORE2-Diabetes, a new algorithm developed, calibrated, and validated to predict 10-year risk of CVD in individuals with type 2 diabetes, enhances identification of individuals at higher risk of developing CVD across Europe.
NT-proBNP and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in US Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study
Background NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) is strongly associated with mortality in patients with heart failure. Prior studies, primarily in middle-aged and older populations, have suggested that NT-proBNP has prognostic value in ambulatory adults. Methods and Results We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of adults, aged ≥20 years, in the nationally representative 1999 to 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, to characterize the association of...
Myocardial Injury Thresholds for 4 High-Sensitivity Troponin Assays in U.S. Adults
CONCLUSIONS: We found URLs for hs-troponin I assays that were substantially lower than currently listed 99th percentile URLs. There were significant differences in hs-troponin T and I URLs by sex and by age group in healthy U.S. adults but none by race/ethnicity.
Prevalence and Correlates of Elevated NT-proBNP in Pregnant Women in the General U.S. Population
CONCLUSIONS: Women in the first trimester of pregnancy had significantly higher NT-proBNP than those in the third trimester and compared to similarly aged nonpregnant women. The dynamic nature of NT-proBNP should be taken into consideration when ordering NT-proBNP lab tests in pregnant women.
The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Hypertension Guideline and Blood Pressure in Older Adults
CONCLUSIONS: There were small decreases in systolic blood pressure and increases in antihypertensive therapy among older adults reclassified to Stage 2 hypertension but not among those reclassified to Stage 1 hypertension by the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline.
Letter by Gibson and McEvoy Regarding Article, "Influence of Age on the Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction"
No abstract
Myocardial Injury Thresholds for 4 High-Sensitivity Troponin Assays in a Population-Based Sample of US Children and Adolescents
CONCLUSIONS: Because myocardial infarction is rare in adolescents, the use of statistically more precise and reliable sex-specific 97.5th percentile URLs might be considered to define pediatric myocardial injury.
Temporal trends in low-dose aspirin therapy for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in European adults with and without diabetes
CONCLUSION: Aspirin therapy for primary prevention of CVD has decreased over the last two decades. However, the drug remained used in individuals with and without diabetes and a large proportion of individuals started on aspirin therapy had no CVD risk factors.
Harnessing digital health to optimise the delivery of guideline-based cardiac rehabilitation during COVID-19: an observational study
CONCLUSION: Outcomes from this study suggest that interdisciplinary digital CR programmes can be successfully implemented and help patients achieve guideline recommended lifestyle, medical and therapeutic targets.
Behaviour change techniques and intervention characteristics in digital cardiac rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
ABSTRACTEvidence suggests that digitally delivered cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is likely to be an effective alternative to centre-based CR. However, there is limited understanding of the behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and intervention characteristics included in digital CR programmes. This systematic review aimed to identify the BCTs and intervention characteristics that have been used in digital CR programmes, and to study those associated with effective programmes. Twenty-five randomised...
Prevalence of Elevated NT-proBNP and its Prognostic Value by Blood Pressure Treatment and Control- National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
CONCLUSIONS: Among a general population of adults free of cardiovascular disease, NT-proBNP can provide additional prognostic information within and across categories of BP. Measurement of NT-proBNP may have potential for clinical use to optimize hypertension treatment.
Implications of the 2021 ESC cardiovascular risk classification among 283,000 European immigrants living in a low-risk region: a population-based analysis in Catalonia
CONCLUSIONS: In Catalonia, residents born in high- and very-high-risk European countries are at increased risk of coronary heart disease and newly diagnosed risk factors. Low-risk European countries may consider tailored prevention efforts, early screening of risk factors, and adequate healthcare resource planning to better address the health needs of men and women from higher-risk countries.
High-Sensitivity Troponin T and I Among Pregnant Women in the US-The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004
No abstract
Age-Dependent Association Between Modifiable Risk Factors and Incident Cardiovascular Disease
Background There have been limited data examining the age-dependent relationship of wide-range risk factors with the incidence of each subtype of cardiovascular disease (CVD) event. We assessed age-related associations between modifiable risk factors and the incidence of CVD. Methods and Results We analyzed 3 027 839 participants without a CVD history enrolled in the JMDC Claims Database (mean age, 44.8±11.0 years; 57.6% men). Each participant was categorized as aged 20 to 49 years (n=2 008...
Corrigendum to 'Elevated NT-ProBNP as a Cardiovascular Disease Risk Equivalent: Evidence from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study': [The American Journal of Medicine (2022) Volume 136(12), 1461-1467]
No abstract
Isolated diastolic hypertension in the IDACO study
No abstract
Estimating individual lifetime risk of incident cardiovascular events in adults with Type 2 diabetes: an update and geographical calibration of the DIAbetes Lifetime perspective model (DIAL2)
CONCLUSION: The recalibrated DIAL2 model provides a useful tool for the prediction of CVD-free life expectancy and lifetime CVD risk for people with Type 2 diabetes without previous CVD in the European low- and moderate-risk regions. These long-term individualized measures of CVD risk are well suited for shared decision-making in clinical practice as recommended by the 2021 CVD ESC prevention guidelines.
Statin Use and Risk of Diabetes by Subclinical Atherosclerosis Burden (from a Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Report)
Although there is a significant reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk with statins, a higher risk of diabetes mellitus has been demonstrated in randomized clinical trials. The risk of incident diabetes with statins may be heterogeneous by presence of coronary artery calcium (CAC). We evaluated participants without prevalent diabetes at baseline from the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), a prospective cohort study of subjects free of clinical cardiovascular disease...
Climate change and the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Climate change is a worsening global crisis that will continue negatively impacting population health and well-being unless adaptation and mitigation interventions are rapidly implemented. Climate change-related cardiovascular disease is mediated by air pollution, increased ambient temperatures, vector-borne disease and mental health disorders. Climate change-related cardiovascular disease can be modulated by climate change adaptation; however, this process could result in significant health...
Management of Patients at Risk for and With Left Ventricular Thrombus: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Despite the many advances in cardiovascular medicine, decisions concerning the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of left ventricular (LV) thrombus often remain challenging. There are only limited organizational guideline recommendations with regard to LV thrombus. Furthermore, management issues in current practice are increasingly complex, including concerns about adding oral anticoagulant therapy to dual antiplatelet therapy, the availability of direct oral anticoagulants as a potential...
Pulse Pressure Augmentation During Exercise: An Important Stress Test Parameter
No abstract
Elevated NT-ProBNP as a Cardiovascular Disease Risk Equivalent: Evidence from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that it might be appropriate to manage adults with NT-proBNP ≥450 pg/mL as if they had a history of clinical cardiovascular disease.
Geographic disparity in 10-year mortality after coronary artery revascularization in the SYNTAXES trial
CONCLUSION: In the era of globalization, knowledge, and understanding of geographic disparity are of paramount importance for the correct interpretation of global studies.
Isolated Diastolic Hypertension and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Controversies in Hypertension-Con Side of the Argument
No abstract
Response to Isolated Diastolic Hypertension and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Controversies in Hypertension - Con Side of the Argument
No abstract
Association of Cardiovascular Health Metrics With Risk of Transition to Hypertension in Non-Hypertensive Young Adults
CONCLUSIONS: CVH metrics can stratify the risk for hypertension in non-hypertensive adults aged 20-39 years. These findings have important public health implications for the screening and prevention of hypertension. Improving CVH metrics may prevent the risk of developing hypertension in young adults.
Midlife determinants of healthy cardiovascular aging: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
CONCLUSIONS: More-stringent levels of modifiable risk factors in midlife beyond current clinical practice and guidelines were associated with preserved cardiovascular health in older age.
Effects of glucose and blood pressure reduction on subclinical cardiac damage: Results from ADVANCE
CONCLUSIONS: In adults with diabetes, intensive BP control reduced NT-proBNP without increasing hs-cTnT, supporting the benefits and safety of intensive BP control in adults with diabetes. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, number: NCT00145925.
Contextualizing National Policies Regulating Access to Low-Dose Aspirin in America and Europe Using the Full Report of a Transatlantic Patient Survey of Aspirin in Preventive Cardiology
Background Aspirin is widely administered to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, appropriate use of aspirin depends on patient understanding of its risks, benefits, and indications, especially where aspirin is available over the counter (OTC). Methods and Results We did a survey of patient-reported 10-year cardiovascular risk; aspirin therapy status; form of aspirin access (OTC versus prescription); and knowledge of the risks, benefits, and role of aspirin in CVD prevention....
Does Stopping Aspirin Differ Fundamentally From Not Starting Aspirin in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Among Older Adults?
No abstract
Another Nail in the Coffin of Causality for the Diastolic Blood Pressure J Curve
No abstract
Major disparities in patient-reported adherence compared to objective assessment of adherence using mass spectrometry: A prospective study in a tertiary-referral hypertension clinic
CONCLUSION: In patients attending a tertiary hypertension clinic, the combined use of spot urine mass spectrometry and self-reporting identifies higher rates of nonadherence when compared to either modality alone. Both techniques should be combined for more accurate detection of medication adherence.
Estimation of recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular event risk in patients with established cardiovascular disease: the updated SMART2 algorithm
CONCLUSION: The SMART2 risk score provides an updated, validated tool for the prediction of recurrent ASCVD events in patients with established ASCVD across European and non-European populations. The use of this tool could allow for a more personalized approach to secondary prevention based upon quantitative rather than qualitative estimates of residual risk.
Mind the Gap: Primary Prevention Aspirin and the Danger of Suboptimal Implementation of Contemporary Guidelines Into Clinical Practice
No abstract
Glycated Albumin and Risk of Mortality in the US Adult Population
CONCLUSIONS: Among US adults, increased values of glycated albumin and HbA1c were associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, particularly in persons with diagnosed diabetes. Glycated albumin may be a useful alternative test of glycemia.
Are behaviour change techniques and intervention features associated with effectiveness of digital cardiac rehabilitation programmes? A systematic review protocol
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a complex intervention that aims to stabilise, slow, or reverse the progression of CVD and improve patients' functional status and quality of life. Digitally delivered CR has been shown to be effective and can overcome many of the access barriers associated with traditional centre-based delivered CR programmes. However, there is a limited understanding of the behaviour change...
Glycated albumin and HbA1c as markers of lower extremity disease inUS adults with and without diabetes
CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests the importance of diabetes prevention and glycemic control in adults with diabetes to reduce the burden of lower extremity disease.
Isolated diastolic hypertension in the UK Biobank: correspondence regarding Isolated systolic and diastolic hypertension by the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines and risk of cardiovascular disease: a large prospective cohort study
No abstract
The Diastolic Blood Pressure J-Curve in Hypertension Management: Links and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The treatment of hypertension has changed dramatically over the last century, with recent trials informing clinical guidelines that recommend aiming for lower blood pressure (BP) targets than ever before. However, a "J"- or "U-shaped curve" in the association between diastolic BP and cardiovascular events has been observed in epidemiological studies, suggesting that both high diastolic BPs and diastolic BPs below a certain nadir are associated with higher risk of...
Establishing target systolic and diastolic blood pressure in diabetic patients with hypertension: what do we need to consider?
INTRODUCTION: The optimum target for systolic and diastolic blood pressure remains divisive. In particular, the conflicting outcomes of the SPRINT and ACCORD trials have led to a divergence of guideline-recommended blood pressure targets for adults with diabetes.
Aspirin in the Modern Era of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Aspirin's antithrombotic effects have a long-established place in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and its traditional use as a core therapy for secondary prevention of CVD is well recognized. However, with the advent of newer antiplatelet agents and an increasing understanding of aspirin's bleeding risks, its role across the full spectrum of modern CVD prevention has become less certain. As a consequence, recent trials have begun investigating aspirin-free strategies in secondary...
Glycemic excursions and subclinical cardiac damage in adults with type 2 diabetes: Results from the ADVANCE Trial
We found that 1,5-anhydroglucitol-a marker of glucose excursions-was not independently associated with subclinical cardiac damage, nor with vascular outcomes, in the ADVANCE Trial. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide provided better prognostic information regarding vascular risk in diabetes than 1,5-anhydroglucitol.
Aspirin for cardiovascular disease prevention among adults in the United States: Trends, prevalence, and participant characteristics associated with use
CONCLUSION: : Aspirin use has slightly declined over the last decade. A significant proportion of adults aged ≥70 years reported primary prevention aspirin use in 2019. Since current guidelines do not recommend primary prevention aspirin use among adults aged ≥70 years, such use should be discouraged.
Isolated Diastolic Hypertension in the IDACO Study: An Age-Stratified Analysis Using 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements
[Figure: see text].
2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice
No abstract
A Transatlantic Comparison of Patient-Reported Access to and Use of Aspirin in Contemporary Preventive Cardiology
No abstract
Gender Differences in Medicare Payments Among Cardiologists
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: There may be potential differences in CMS payments between men and women cardiologists, which appear to stem from gender differences in the number and types of charges submitted. The mechanisms behind these differences merit further research, both to understand why such gender differences exist and also to facilitate reductions in pay disparities.

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